Stomatitis is inflammation of the oral mucosa. It appears as painful ulcers, red areas or white coatings. It occurs in both children and adults.
Main types
- Aphthous stomatitis — ulcers with white center and red border. Most common type. Resolves in 7–14 days.
- Herpetic stomatitis — herpes virus, small blisters that turn into ulcers. May include fever.
- Candidiasis (fungal) — Candida yeast, white coating on tongue and cheeks. In children and immunocompromised adults.
- Traumatic — biting, hard food, ill-fitting dentures.
- Allergic or chemical — toothpaste, medications, food.
Causes
- Weak immunity, stress, lack of sleep
- Vitamin deficiency (B12, iron, folate)
- Poor oral hygiene
- Mechanical injury or chemical burn
- Viruses (herpes, coxsackie)
- Certain medications (chemotherapy)
- Systemic diseases (Crohn's, celiac)
Home measures
- Rinse with warm salt water
- Chlorhexidine mouthwash
- Avoid acidic, spicy and hot foods
- Soft brush, gentle hygiene
- Plenty of fluids
- OTC anesthetic gels or sprays
When to see a dentist
- Ulcers persist longer than 2 weeks
- Many or large ulcers (over 1 cm)
- Fever
- Inability to eat or drink
- Signs of dehydration in a child
- Frequent recurrences
Professional treatment
By type: antiseptics, antivirals (herpes), antifungals (candida), topical steroids. Addressing the root cause is essential — e.g., adjusting an ill-fitting denture.
Read more
Consultation | +994 10 208 01 04
